TypeScript 函数

了解如何在自定义构建配置中创建和使用 EAS 构建功能。

EAS 构建功能是扩展自定义构建功能的好方法。你可以使用它们创建可重用的步骤，并用 JavaScript、TypeScript 或 Bash 编写逻辑（更多信息请参见配置模式中的 command）。本指南提供了在 TypeScript 中创建函数的演练。

¥EAS Build functions are a great way to extend the functionality of custom builds. You can use them to create reusable steps, and to write your logic in JavaScript, TypeScript, or Bash (more information in command in the config schema). This guide provides a walkthrough of creating a function in TypeScript.

Initialize an EAS Build function module

The easiest way to create an EAS Build function is to use the create-eas-build-function CLI tool. By running the following command from the same directory as your eas.json file, you can create a new custom TypeScript function:

Terminal

- npx create-eas-build-function@latest ./.eas/build/myFunction

This creates a new module called myFunction in the .eas/build directory. The module will contain a pre-generated module configuration and the src directory with the index.ts file containing the default TypeScript function template.

.eas/build/myFunction/src/index.ts

// This file was autogenerated by `create-eas-build-function` command.
// Go to README.md to learn more about how to write your own custom build functions.

import { BuildStepContext } from '@expo/steps';

// interface FunctionInputs {
//   // specify the type of the inputs value and whether they are required here
//   // example: name: BuildStepInput<BuildStepInputValueTypeName.STRING, true>;
// }

// interface FunctionOutputs {
//   // specify the function outputs and whether they are required here
//   // example: name: BuildStepOutput<true>;
// }

async function myFunction(
  ctx: BuildStepContext
  // {
  //   inputs,
  //   outputs,
  //   env,
  // }: {
  //   inputs: FunctionInputs;
  //   outputs: FunctionOutputs;
  //   env: BuildStepEnv;
  // }
): Promise<void> {
  ctx.logger.info('Hello from my TypeScript function!');
}

export default myFunction;

Compile the function

Functions must be compiled to a single JavaScript file that can be run without installing any dependencies. The default build script for generated functions uses ncc to compile your function into a single file with all its dependencies. If you don't have the ncc installed globally on your machine, run npm install -g @vercel/ncc to install it. Next, run the build script in the .eas/build/myFunction directory:

Terminal

- npm run build

This command triggers the build script placed in the package.json file of your custom function module.

package.json

{
  ...
  "scripts": {
    ...
    "build": "ncc build ./src/index.ts -o build/ --minify --no-cache --no-source-map-register"
    ...
  },
  ...
}

The build script generates build/index.js. This file must be uploaded to EAS Build as a part of your project archive, so that the builder can run your function. Ensure that the file is not excluded by a .gitignore file or .easignore file.

Expose the function to the custom build config

Note: The following example assumes that you have already set up a custom build workflow and configured it in your eas.json. If not, see Get started with custom builds before proceeding.

Let's assume that you have a config.yml file in the .eas/build directory. It contains the following content:

.eas/build/config.yml

build:
  name: My example config
  steps:
    - eas/checkout
    - eas/install_node_modules
    - run:
        name: Finished
        command: echo Finished

To add your function to the config, you need to add the following lines to the config.yml file:

.eas/build/config.yml

build:
  name: My example config
  steps:
    - eas/checkout
    - eas/install_node_modules
    - run:
        name: Finished
        command: echo Finished

functions:
  my_function:
    name: My function
    path: ./myFunction

The path property should be a relative path from the config file to your function directory. In this case, it's just ./myFunction.

Now, add a call to the my_function function in the config.yml file:

.eas/build/config.yml

build:
  name: My example config
  steps:
    - eas/checkout
    - eas/install_node_modules
    - my_function
    - run:
        name: Finished
        command: echo Finished

functions:
  my_function:
    name: My function
    path: ./myFunction

Example of a custom build config using a JavaScript/TypeScript function.

Working on the function

For a more advanced example, let's say you want to make a function calculate the sum of two numbers and print the result to the console, and then output that value from the function. To do this, modify the config.yml and index.ts files to make the function accept two inputs called num1 and num2 and return their sum as an output called sum.

.eas/build/config.yml

build:
  name: My example config
  steps:
    - eas/checkout
    - eas/install_node_modules
    - my_function:
        inputs:
          num1: 1
          num2: 2
        id: sum_function
    - run:
        name: Print the sum
        inputs:
          sum: ${ steps.sum_function.sum }
        command: echo ${ inputs.sum }
    - run:
        name: Finished
        command: echo Finished

functions:
  my_function:
    name: My function
    inputs:
      - name: num1
        type: number
      - name: num2
        type: number
    outputs:
      - name: sum
    path: ./myFunction

.eas/build/myFunction/src/index.ts

// This file was autogenerated by `create-eas-build-function` command.
// Go to README.md to learn more about how to write your own custom build functions.

import {
  BuildStepContext,
  BuildStepInput,
  BuildStepInputValueTypeName,
  BuildStepOutput,
} from '@expo/steps';

interface FunctionInputs {
  // first template argument is the type of the input value, second template argument is a boolean indicating if the input is required
  num1: BuildStepInput<BuildStepInputValueTypeName.NUMBER, true>;
  num2: BuildStepInput<BuildStepInputValueTypeName.NUMBER, true>;
}

interface FunctionOutputs {
  // template argument is a boolean indicating if the output is required
  sum: BuildStepOutput<true>;
}

async function myFunction(
  ctx: BuildStepContext,
  {
    inputs,
    outputs,
  }: // env,
  {
    inputs: FunctionInputs;
    outputs: FunctionOutputs;
    // env: BuildStepEnv;
  }
): Promise<void> {
  ctx.logger.info(`num1: ${inputs.num1.value}`);
  ctx.logger.info(`num2: ${inputs.num2.value}`);

  const sum = inputs.num1.value + inputs.num2.value;

  ctx.logger.info(`sum: ${sum}`);

  outputs.sum.set(sum.toString()); // Currently, outputs must be strings. This will improve in the future.
}

export default myFunction;

Example of a custom build config using custom JavaScript/TypeScript function.

Remember to compile your function each time you make changes to it: npm run build.

概括

¥Summary

编写函数是使用你自己的逻辑扩展自定义构建功能的好方法。

¥Writing functions is a great way to extend the functionality of custom builds with your own logic.
EAS 构建功能是可重用的 - 你可以在多个自定义构建配置中使用它们。

¥EAS Build functions are reusable — you can use them in multiple custom build configurations.
对于通过编写 shell 脚本不容易完成的更高级用例来说，使用 EAS 构建函数是一个不错的选择。

¥Using EAS Build functions is a great option for more advanced use cases that are not easy to do by writing shell scripts.
内置函数的大部分都是开源的，可以分叉或用作编写自己的函数的参考。

¥Most of the built-in functions are open-source and can be forked or used as a reference for writing your own functions.

查看示例存储库以获取更详细的示例：

¥Check out the example repository for more detailed examples:

自定义构建示例存储库

自定义 EAS 构建示例，其中包括自定义构建的示例，例如设置函数、使用环境变量、上传工件等。