为 Android 模拟器和设备构建 APK

了解如何在使用 EAS Build 时为 Android 模拟器和设备配置和安装 .apk。

使用 EAS Build 构建 Android 应用时使用的默认文件格式是 安卓应用包 (AAB/.aab)。此格式针对分发到 Google Play 商店进行了优化。但是，AAB 无法直接安装在你的设备上。要将构建直接安装到 Android 设备或模拟器，你需要构建 安卓包 (APK/.apk)。

¥The default file format used when building Android apps with EAS Build is an Android App Bundle (AAB/.aab). This format is optimized for distribution to the Google Play Store. However, AABs can't be installed directly on your device. To install a build directly to your Android device or emulator, you need to build an Android Package (APK/.apk) instead.

配置配置文件来构建 APK

¥Configuring a profile to build APKs

要生成 .apk，请通过在构建配置文件中添加以下属性之一来修改 eas.json：

¥To generate an .apk, modify the eas.json by adding one of the following properties in a build profile:

• developmentClient 至 true（默认）

  ¥developmentClient to true (default)

• distribution 至 internal

  ¥distribution to internal

• android.buildType 至 apk

  ¥android.buildType to apk

• android.gradleCommand 到 :app:assembleRelease、:app:assembleDebug 或任何其他生成 .apk 的 gradle 命令

  ¥android.gradleCommand to :app:assembleRelease, :app:assembleDebug or any other gradle command that produces .apk

{
  "build": {
    "preview": {
      "android": {
        "buildType": "apk"
      }
    },
    "preview2": {
      "android": {
        "gradleCommand": ":app:assembleRelease"
      }
    },
    "preview3": {
      "developmentClient": true
    },
    "preview4": {
      "distribution": "internal"
    },
    "production": {}
  }
}

现在你可以使用以下命令运行构建：

¥Now you can run your build with the following command:

请记住，你可以根据自己的喜好命名配置文件。我们将该配置文件命名为 preview。但是，你可以将其称为 local、emulator 或任何对你来说最有意义的名称。

¥Remember that you can name the profile whatever you like. We named the profile preview. However, you can call it local, emulator, or whatever makes the most sense for you.

安装你的版本

¥Installing your build

模拟器（虚拟设备）

¥Emulator (virtual device)

如果你之前尚未安装或运行 Android 模拟器，请先按照 Android Studio 模拟器指南 操作，然后再继续。

¥If you haven't installed or run an Android Emulator before, follow the Android Studio emulator guide before proceeding.

构建完成后，CLI 将提示你自动下载并将其安装到 Android 模拟器上。出现提示时，按 Y 直接安装到模拟器上。

¥Once your build is completed, the CLI will prompt you to automatically download and install it on the Android Emulator. When prompted, press Y to directly install it on the emulator.

如果你有多个版本，你还可以随时运行 eas build:run 命令来下载特定版本并将其自动安装在 Android 模拟器上：

¥In case you have multiple builds, you can also run the eas build:run command at any time to download a specific build and automatically install it on the Android Emulator:

该命令还显示项目的可用构建列表。你可以从此列表中选择要安装在模拟器上的版本。列表中的每个构建都有一个构建 ID、自构建创建以来经过的时间、构建号、版本号和 git 提交信息。如果项目有无效构建，该列表还会显示无效构建。

¥The command also shows a list of available builds of your project. You can select the build to install on the emulator from this list. Each build in the list has a build ID, the time elapsed since the build creation, the build number, the version number, and the git commit information. The list also displays invalid builds if a project has any.

例如，下图列出了项目的构建：

¥For example, the image below lists the build of a project:

构建安装完成后，它将出现在主屏幕上。如果是开发版本，请打开终端窗口并通过运行命令 npx expo start 启动开发服务器。

¥When the build's installation is complete, it will appear on the home screen. If it's a development build, open a terminal window and start the development server by running the command npx expo start.

运行最新版本

¥Running the latest build

将 --latest 标志传递给 eas build:run 命令以在 Android 模拟器上下载并安装最新版本：

¥Pass the --latest flag to the eas build:run command to download and install the latest build on the Android Emulator:

物理设备

¥Physical device

直接下载到设备

¥Download directly to the device

• 构建完成后，从构建详细信息页面或 eas build 完成时提供的链接将 URL 复制到 APK。

  ¥Once your build is completed, copy the URL to the APK from the build details page or the link provided when eas build is done.

• 将该 URL 发送到你的设备。也许通过电子邮件？由你决定。

  ¥Send that URL to your device. Maybe by email? Up to you.

• 在你的设备上打开 URL，安装 APK 并运行它。

  ¥Open the URL on your device, install the APK and run it.

使用 adb 安装

¥Install with adb

• 安装亚行（如果你尚未安装）。

  ¥Install adb if you don't have it installed already.

• 将你的设备连接到计算机和 在你的设备上启用 adb 调试（如果尚未连接）。

  ¥Connect your device to your computer and enable adb debugging on your device if you haven't already.

• 构建完成后，从构建详细信息页面或 eas build 完成时提供的链接下载 APK。

  ¥Once your build is completed, download the APK from the build details page or the link provided when eas build is done.

• 运行 adb install path/to/the/file.apk。

  ¥Run adb install path/to/the/file.apk.

• 在你的设备上运行该应用。

  ¥Run the app on your device.