了解共享应用预发布版本以进行内部分发和 TestFlight 的各种方法。

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在开发过程中，你需要与项目的技术和非技术利益相关者分享你的进度，以收集反馈并对其进行测试，你可以采取多种官方方法来执行此操作。

¥During the development process you'll want to share your progress with both technical and non-technical stakeholders of the project to gather feedback and test it, and there are several official approaches you can take for doing this.

内部分发

¥Internal distribution

Android 和 iOS 都提供了直接在设备上安装应用版本的方法。这使你可以完全控制在设备上放置特定版本，从而使你能够快速迭代并同时让应用的多个版本可供审查。

¥Android and iOS both offer ways to install a build of your application directly on devices. This gives you full control of putting specific builds on devices, allowing you to iterate quickly and have multiple builds of your application available for review at the same time.

安卓

¥Android

要将你的应用共享到 Android 设备，你必须构建项目的 APK（Android 应用包文件）。一旦用户接受安装未经 Play 商店审核的应用的安全警告，APK 就可以通过 USB 直接安装到 Android 设备上，方法是通过网络或通过电子邮件或聊天应用下载文件。应用的 AAB（Android 应用包）二进制文件必须通过 Play 商店分发。

¥To share your application to Android devices, you must build an APK (Android application package file) of your project. APKs can be installed directly to an Android device over USB, by downloading the file over the web or through an email or chat app, once the user accepts the security warning for installing an app that has not gone through Play Store review. AAB (Android app bundle) binaries of your application must be distributed through the Play Store.

iOS 即席分发

¥iOS ad hoc distribution

Apple 提供 临时配置文件，以便在测试设备注册到你的 Apple 开发者账户后将你的应用分发到测试设备。此方法需要付费的 Apple 开发者账户，并且该账户每年只能使用此方法分发至最多 100 部 iPhone。

¥Apple offers ad hoc provisioning profiles to distribute your app to test devices once they have been registered to your Apple Developer account. This method requires a paid Apple Developer account and that account will only be able to use this method to distribute to at most 100 iPhones per year.

你需要知道将安装你的应用的每台设备的 UDID（唯一设备标识符），如果你尝试与非开发者共享，这可能会很困难。添加新设备将需要重建你的应用。

¥You will need to know the UDID (Unique Device Identifier) of each device that will install your application, which may be challenging if you are trying to share with someone who is not a developer. Adding a new device will require a rebuild of your application.

如果你以前没有正确设置过 Ad Hoc 证书，那么正确设置 Ad Hoc 证书可能会令人生畏，即使你已经这样做过，也会很乏味。如果你使用的是针对 Expo 和 React Native 项目进行了优化的 EAS 构建，我们将为你处理设置 Ad Hoc 凭据的耗时部分。

¥Setting up Ad Hoc certificates correctly can be intimidating if you haven't done it before, and tedious even if you have. If you're using EAS Build, which is optimized for Expo and React Native projects, we'll handle the time-consuming parts of setting up Ad Hoc credentials for you.

iOS 企业版

¥iOS enterprise distribution

如果你的应用仅供内部使用，不会通过 App Store 分发，则应使用企业分发。与 Ad Hoc Distribution 不同，可以安装应用的设备数量没有限制，并且你无需管理每个设备的 UDID。Enterprise Distribution 需要成为更昂贵的 Apple 开发者企业计划 成员，这要求你的组织是法人实体并通过 Apple 的验证流程。

¥If your app is only intended to be used internally and will not be distributed through the App Store, you should use Enterprise distribution. Unlike Ad Hoc Distribution, there is no limit to the number of devices that can install your application, and you will not need to manage the UDIDs of each device. Enterprise Distribution requires membership in the more expensive Apple Developer Enterprise Program, which requires your organization to be a legal entity and go through Apple's verification process.

TestFlight

TestFlight 是将应用分发到 iOS 设备的另一种选择。TestFlight 还需要付费的 Apple 开发者账户，但允许你与最多 10,000 个用户共享你的应用，这些用户可以通过电子邮件或公共链接进行邀请。此方法要求你 上传你的应用 到 App Store Connect 并等待自动审核，然后才能共享构建。如果你打算经常发布新版本，那么投入时间来设置临时分发将是值得的。

¥TestFlight is another option to distribute your application to iOS devices. TestFlight also requires a paid Apple Developer account, but allows you to share your application with up to 10,000 users that can be invited with their email or a public link. This method requires you to upload your application to App Store Connect and wait for the automated review before you can share a build. If you intend to ship new builds frequently, investing the time to set up Ad Hoc distribution will be worthwhile.