了解如何使用 EAS Build 配置 Android 设备和模拟器的开发版本。

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在本章中，我们将使用 EAS Build 创建一个可以在 Android 上运行的开发版本。

¥In this chapter, we'll create a development build that can run on Android with EAS Build.

在 Android 设备或模拟器上创建和运行构建的过程是相同的，只是开发构建的安装有所不同。

¥The process for creating and running a build on Android devices or emulators is identical, with differences only in the installation of the development build.

为开发配置文件创建构建

¥Create a build for the development profile

对于 Android，开发版本必须位于 .apk 中。虽然默认的 Android 格式是 .aab，非常适合 Google Play 商店分发，但它无法安装在设备或模拟器上。

¥For Android, the development build must be in the .apk. While the default Android format is .aab, which is ideal for Google Play Store distribution, it cannot be installed on devices or emulators.

要创建 .apk：

¥To create a .apk:

• 在 eas.json 中，确保 build.development 配置文件下的 developmentClient 设置为 true。

  ¥In eas.json, make sure that developmentClient is set to true under build.development profile.

• 然后，运行 eas build 命令，其中 android 作为平台，development 作为构建配置文件：

  ¥Then, run the eas build command with android as the platform and development as the build profile:

提示：下次运行 eas build 命令时，还可以使用 -p 来指定平台。它是 --platform 的缩写。

该命令提示我们以下问题：

¥This command prompts us with the following questions:

• 你希望你的 Android 应用 ID 是什么？按 return 选择为此提示提供的默认值。这将在 app.json 中添加 android.package。

  ¥What would you like your Android application id to be? Press return to select the default value provided for this prompt. This will add android.package in app.json.

• 生成新的 Android 密钥库？按 Y。

  ¥Generate a new Android Keystore? Press Y.

响应后，构建将排队，我们可以通过 Expo 仪表板中 EAS CLI 提供的链接跟踪其进度：

¥After responding, the build will queue up, and we can track its progress via a provided link by the EAS CLI in the Expo dashboard:

What information does a build details page contain?

构建详细信息页面显示构建类型、配置文件、Expo SDK 版本、应用版本、版本代码、上次提交哈希以及发起构建的开发者或账户所有者的身份。

¥The build details page displays the build type, profile, Expo SDK version, app version, version code, last commit hash, and the identity of the developer or account owner who initiated the build.

在上图中，构建工件的当前状态显示构建正在进行中。完成后，此部分将提供下载构建版本的选项。日志概述了 EAS Build 上的 Android 构建过程中所采取的每个步骤。为了简洁起见，我们不会在这里详细探讨每个步骤。要了解更多信息，请参阅 安卓构建流程。

¥In the above image, the current status of the Build artifact shows that the build is in progress. Upon completion, this section will offer an option to download the build. The Logs outlines every step taken during the Android build process on EAS Build. For the sake of brevity, we won't explore each step in detail here. To learn more, see Android build process.

What is an Android application ID?

也称为 Android 应用的包名称，它以 DNS 反向表示法 (com.owner.appname) 存储值。此表示法的每个组成部分都应以小写字母开头。

¥Also known as the package name of our Android app, it stores the value in DNS reverse notation format (com.owner.appname). Each component of this notation should start with a lowercase letter.

例如，我们的示例应用有 com.owner.stickersmash，其中 com.owner 是域，stickersmash 是我们的应用名称。

¥For example, our example app has com.owner.stickersmash where com.owner is the domain and stickersmash is our app name.

安卓设备

¥Android device

安卓模拟器

¥Android Emulator

概括

¥Summary

In the next chapter, learn how to configure a development build for iOS Simulators using EAS Build and get it running.

Next: Create and run a cloud build for iOS Simulator