在本教程中,学习如何使用 Expo Image Picker。
React Native 提供内置组件作为标准构建块,例如 <View>
、<Text>
和 <Pressable>
。我们正在构建一个从设备的媒体库中选择图片的功能。核心组件无法做到这一点,我们需要一个库来在我们的应用中添加此功能。
¥React Native provides built-in components as standard building blocks, such as <View>
, <Text>
, and <Pressable>
. We are building a feature to select an image from the device's media gallery. This isn't possible with the core components and we'll need a library to add this feature in our app.
我们将使用 expo-image-picker
,这是 Expo SDK 中的一个库。
¥We'll use expo-image-picker
, a library from Expo SDK.
expo-image-picker
提供对系统 UI 的访问,以从手机库中选择图片和视频。¥
expo-image-picker
provides access to the system's UI to select images and videos from the phone's library.
1
2
¥Pick an image from the device's media library
expo-image-picker
提供 launchImageLibraryAsync()
方法,通过从设备的媒体库中选择图片或视频来显示系统 UI。我们将使用上一章中创建的主要主题按钮从设备的媒体库中选择图片,并创建一个函数来启动设备的图片库以实现此功能。
¥expo-image-picker
provides launchImageLibraryAsync()
method to display the system UI by choosing an image or a video from the device's media library. We'll use the primary themed button created in the previous chapter to select an image from the device's media library and create a function to launch the device's image library to implement this functionality.
在 app/(tabs)/index.tsx 中,导入 expo-image-picker
库并在 Index
组件内创建 pickImageAsync()
函数:
¥In app/(tabs)/index.tsx, import expo-image-picker
library and create a pickImageAsync()
function inside the Index
component:
// ...rest of the import statements remain unchanged
import * as ImagePicker from 'expo-image-picker';
export default function Index() {
const pickImageAsync = async () => {
let result = await ImagePicker.launchImageLibraryAsync({
mediaTypes: ['images'],
allowsEditing: true,
quality: 1,
});
if (!result.canceled) {
console.log(result);
} else {
alert('You did not select any image.');
}
};
// ...rest of the code remains same
}
我们来了解一下上面的代码做了什么:
¥Let's learn what the above code does:
launchImageLibraryAsync()
接收一个对象以指定不同的选项。此对象是 ImagePickerOptions
对象,我们在调用该方法时传递它。
¥The launchImageLibraryAsync()
receives an object to specify different options. This object is the ImagePickerOptions
object, which we are passing when invoking the method.
当 allowsEditing
设置为 true
时,用户可以在 Android 和 iOS 上的选择过程中裁剪图片。
¥When allowsEditing
is set to true
, the user can crop the image during the selection process on Android and iOS.
3
¥Update the button component
按下主按钮时,我们将在 Button
组件上调用 pickImageAsync()
函数。更新 components/Button.tsx 中 Button
组件的 onPress
prop:
¥On pressing the primary button, we'll call the pickImageAsync()
function on the Button
component. Update the onPress
prop of the Button
component in components/Button.tsx:
import { StyleSheet, View, Pressable, Text } from 'react-native';
import FontAwesome from '@expo/vector-icons/FontAwesome';
type Props = {
label: string;
theme?: 'primary';
onPress?: () => void;
};
export default function Button({ label, theme, onPress }: Props) {
if (theme === 'primary') {
return (
<View
style={[
styles.buttonContainer,
{ borderWidth: 4, borderColor: '#ffd33d', borderRadius: 18 },
]}>
<Pressable style={[styles.button, { backgroundColor: '#fff' }]} onPress={onPress}>
<FontAwesome name="picture-o" size={18} color="#25292e" style={styles.buttonIcon} />
<Text style={[styles.buttonLabel, { color: '#25292e' }]}>{label}</Text>
</Pressable>
</View>
);
}
return (
<View style={styles.buttonContainer}>
<Pressable style={styles.button} onPress={() => alert('You pressed a button.')}>
<Text style={styles.buttonLabel}>{label}</Text>
</Pressable>
</View>
);
}
const styles = StyleSheet.create({
buttonContainer: {
width: 320,
height: 68,
marginHorizontal: 20,
alignItems: 'center',
justifyContent: 'center',
padding: 3,
},
button: {
borderRadius: 10,
width: '100%',
height: '100%',
alignItems: 'center',
justifyContent: 'center',
flexDirection: 'row',
},
buttonIcon: {
paddingRight: 8,
},
buttonLabel: {
color: '#fff',
fontSize: 16,
},
});
在 app/(tabs)/index.tsx 中,将 pickImageAsync()
函数添加到第一个 <Button>
上的 onPress
prop。
¥In app/(tabs)/index.tsx, add the pickImageAsync()
function to the onPress
prop on the first <Button>
.
import { View, StyleSheet } from 'react-native';
import * as ImagePicker from 'expo-image-picker';
import Button from '@/components/Button';
import ImageViewer from '@/components/ImageViewer';
const PlaceholderImage = require('@/assets/images/background-image.png');
export default function Index() {
const pickImageAsync = async () => {
let result = await ImagePicker.launchImageLibraryAsync({
mediaTypes: ['images'],
allowsEditing: true,
quality: 1,
});
if (!result.canceled) {
console.log(result);
} else {
alert('You did not select any image.');
}
};
return (
<View style={styles.container}>
<View style={styles.imageContainer}>
<ImageViewer imgSource={PlaceholderImage} />
</View>
<View style={styles.footerContainer}>
<Button theme="primary" label="Choose a photo" onPress={pickImageAsync} />
<Button label="Use this photo" />
</View>
</View>
);
}
const styles = StyleSheet.create({
container: {
flex: 1,
backgroundColor: '#25292e',
alignItems: 'center',
},
imageContainer: {
flex: 1,
},
footerContainer: {
flex: 1 / 3,
alignItems: 'center',
},
});
pickImageAsync()
函数调用 ImagePicker.launchImageLibraryAsync()
,然后处理结果。launchImageLibraryAsync()
方法返回一个对象,其中包含有关所选图片的信息。
¥The pickImageAsync()
function invokes ImagePicker.launchImageLibraryAsync()
and then handles the result. The launchImageLibraryAsync()
method returns an object containing information about the selected image.
以下是 result
对象及其包含的属性的示例:
¥Here is an example of the result
object and the properties it contains:
{
"assets": [
{
"assetId": null,
"base64": null,
"duration": null,
"exif": null,
"fileName": "ea574eaa-f332-44a7-85b7-99704c22b402.jpeg",
"fileSize": 4513577,
"height": 4570,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"rotation": null,
"type": "image",
"uri": "file:///data/user/0/host.exp.exponent/cache/ExperienceData/%2540anonymous%252FStickerSmash-13f21121-fc9d-4ec6-bf89-bf7d6165eb69/ImagePicker/ea574eaa-f332-44a7-85b7-99704c22b402.jpeg",
"width": 2854
}
],
"canceled": false
}
{
"assets": [
{
"assetId": "99D53A1F-FEEF-40E1-8BB3-7DD55A43C8B7/L0/001",
"base64": null,
"duration": null,
"exif": null,
"fileName": "IMG_0004.JPG",
"fileSize": 2548364,
"height": 1669,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"type": "image",
"uri": "file:///data/user/0/host.exp.exponent/cache/ExperienceData/%2540anonymous%252FStickerSmash-13f21121-fc9d-4ec6-bf89-bf7d6165eb69/ImagePicker/ea574eaa-f332-44a7-85b7-99704c22b402.jpeg",
"width": 1668
}
],
"canceled": false
}
{
"assets": [
{
"fileName": "some-image.png",
"height": 720,
"mimeType": "image/png",
"uri": "data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAABQAA"
}
],
"canceled": false
}
4
¥Use the selected image
result
对象提供 assets
数组,其中包含所选图片的 uri
。让我们从图片选择器中获取该值,并使用它在应用中显示选定的图片。
¥The result
object provides the assets
array, which contains the uri
of the selected image. Let's take this value from the image picker and use it to show the selected image in the app.
修改 app/(tabs)/index.tsx 文件:
¥Modify the app/(tabs)/index.tsx file:
使用 React 中的 useState
钩子声明一个名为 selectedImage
的状态变量。我们将使用此状态变量来保存所选图片的 URI。
¥Declare a state variable called selectedImage
using the useState
hook from React. We'll use this state variable to hold the URI of the selected image.
更新 pickImageAsync()
函数以将图片 URI 保存在 selectedImage
状态变量中。
¥Update the pickImageAsync()
function to save the image URI in the selectedImage
state variable.
将 selectedImage
作为属性传递给 ImageViewer
组件。
¥Pass the selectedImage
as a prop to the ImageViewer
component.
import { View, StyleSheet } from 'react-native';
import * as ImagePicker from 'expo-image-picker';
import { useState } from 'react';
import Button from '@/components/Button';
import ImageViewer from '@/components/ImageViewer';
const PlaceholderImage = require('@/assets/images/background-image.png');
export default function Index() {
const [selectedImage, setSelectedImage] = useState<string | undefined>(undefined);
const pickImageAsync = async () => {
let result = await ImagePicker.launchImageLibraryAsync({
mediaTypes: ['images'],
allowsEditing: true,
quality: 1,
});
if (!result.canceled) {
setSelectedImage(result.assets[0].uri);
} else {
alert('You did not select any image.');
}
};
return (
<View style={styles.container}>
<View style={styles.imageContainer}>
<ImageViewer imgSource={PlaceholderImage} selectedImage={selectedImage} />
</View>
<View style={styles.footerContainer}>
<Button theme="primary" label="Choose a photo" onPress={pickImageAsync} />
<Button label="Use this photo" />
</View>
</View>
);
}
const styles = StyleSheet.create({
container: {
flex: 1,
backgroundColor: '#25292e',
alignItems: 'center',
},
imageContainer: {
flex: 1,
},
footerContainer: {
flex: 1 / 3,
alignItems: 'center',
},
});
将 selectedImage
属性传递给 ImageViewer
组件以显示选定的图片而不是占位符图片。
¥Pass the selectedImage
prop to the ImageViewer
component to display the selected image instead of a placeholder image.
修改 components/ImageViewer.tsx 文件以接受 selectedImage
属性。
¥Modify the components/ImageViewer.tsx file to accept the selectedImage
prop.
图片源越来越长,所以我们也将其移动到一个名为 imageSource
的单独变量中。
¥The source of the image is getting long, so let's also move it to a separate variable called imageSource
.
将 imageSource
作为 Image
组件上 source
属性的值传递。
¥Pass imageSource
as the value of the source
prop on the Image
component.
import { StyleSheet } from 'react-native';
import { Image, type ImageSource } from 'expo-image';
type Props = {
imgSource: ImageSource;
selectedImage?: string;
};
export default function ImageViewer({ imgSource, selectedImage }: Props) {
const imageSource = selectedImage ? { uri: selectedImage } : imgSource;
return <Image source={imageSource} style={styles.image} />;
}
const styles = StyleSheet.create({
image: {
width: 320,
height: 440,
borderRadius: 18,
},
});
在上面的代码片段中,Image 组件使用条件运算符来加载图片的源。选择的图片是 uri
字符串,而不是像占位符图片这样的本地资源。
¥In the above snippet, the Image component uses a conditional operator to load the image's source. The picked image is a uri
string, not a local asset like the placeholder image.
现在让我们看看我们的应用:
¥Let's take a look at our app now:
¥Summary
Chapter 4: Use an image picker
We've successfully added the functionality to pick an image from the device's media library.
In the next chapter, we'll learn how to create an emoji picker modal component.